In
her film,
La Lola se va a los puertos (1993),
the
director Josefina Molina crafts the story of a beloved flamenco
singer (cantaora) by airing
the
nationalistic vibes of
the era and letting the main character, acted
by Rocío
Jurado,
sing
La Bandera Blanca y Verde
(The White
and Green
Flag), the
official anthem of Andalusia, despite
the fact the
Machado brothers' play on which the film is based was published four
years before the andalucistas
came up with the idea that there were a song to sing of loyalty to
the region.
Lyrics of the regional anthem of Andalusia. Image by I.E.S. Valdelagrana
The
fervently
nationalistic lyrics
(Stand up! Demand land and freedom!)
of
the anthem were written by Blas Infante and the music for it
was composed by José del Castillo Díaz (Maestro
Castillo) in
1933.
The
melody, though Castillo's original, was inspired by the Santo Dios, a
religious chant
widely spread in rural Andalusia, usually sung by peasants and
day laborers
while harvesting
or finishing up their daily cutting.
Blas
Infante,
founder
of modern Andalusian nationalism,
in
his rebel youth. Image taken from a blog
The composition was adapted by Manuel Castillo in the 1980s. Since then, many cover versions have been performed by a large number and broad range of artists - by the people from Almería (almerienses), Cádiz (caditanos), Huelva (onubenses), Jaén (jienenses), Jerez de la Frontera (jerezanos), Málaga (malagueños) and by Cordovans (cordobeses) and Sevillians (sevillanos) - all proud of Andalusia. Below you have a selection of the versions of anthem, sung and played by the singers and musicians from all over the region.
Film version of the Himno
de Andalucía performed by Rocío
Jurado:
First-ever recording of
the Himno de Andalucía adapted by Carlos Cano and performed
by his musicians together with some members of the Juan Calabuig's
choir (Coral Heliópolis) in 1977, at the time the anthem was
practically unknown:
Piano version of the
Himno de Andalucía:
Fipple flute version of
the Himno de Andalucía:
Pop version of the Himno
de Andalucía performed by Vanesa Martín,
David DeMaría and Pastora Soler:
Rock version of the Himno
de Andalucía performed by Arábiga
at the Hijos del Agobio Festival in 2009:
Unfortunately,
there are no punk, rap or reggae versions of the anthem available. Not just yet, though. But there is a considerable range of flamenco versions that differ one from another depending on the musical features of the palo (style), of which Bulerías
and Tangos (de Granada) are, according to Walter Starkie (see the
references), Gypsy songs; and Tarantas, Alegrías,
Fandangos and Verdiales, Andalusian folk songs; as well as Rumbas,
as stated on an expert blog.
Himno de
Andalucía por Bulerías performed by El Capullo de Jerez (cantaor), Fernando de la Morena (cantaor)
and Paco de Lucía (tocaor):
Himno de Andalucía
por Tangos de Granada performed by Marina Heredia (cantaora):
Himno de Andalucía por Tarantas performed by Mari Ángeles
(cantaora) and Tomatito (tocaor): see it here.
Himno de Andalucía
por Alegrías performed by Chano Lobato (cantaor),
Diego del Morao (tocaor) and Julio Pardo's choir:
Himno de Andalucía por
Fandangos performed by (probably, for I don't know for sure) Arcángel (cantaor) and Niño Miguel (tocaor) (see the videoclip made up of photos of Andalusian views), and alternatively by Álvaro
Díaz:
Himno de Andalucía
por Verdiales performed in the street by malagueños and filmed by Mano Verde
movement:
Himno
de
Andalucía
por Rumbas
performed on TV by the
people
from Beas (Huelva) on their trip to Venezuela at 40 degrees Celsius
in the shadow and at incredible tropical humidity levels:
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